Student and academic visas (F and M visas) offer nonimmigrant opportunities for international students to pursue academic (F-1) or vocational (M-1) studies in the U.S., including dependents (F-2/M-2).
At Yankey Law Group, PLLC, Nashville-based immigration attorney Francis Yankey, Esq., assists clients with F and M visa applications, providing reliable support.
As of October 23, 2025, the SEVIS I-901 fee is $350, and consular processing for these visas typically takes 1-3 months, according to USCIS data.
Disclaimer: This information is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Immigration laws are complex and ever-changing. For personalized assistance, contact Attorney Francis Yankey at 615-530-5360 for a confidential consultation.
F visas are for full-time academic study at SEVP-certified institutions like universities or high schools, while M visas are for vocational or non-academic programs such as technical training or flight schools.
Both are governed by the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) and require registration in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS).
These visas are designed for temporary study, with no direct path to permanent residency, though options like Optional Practical Training (OPT) or Curricular Practical Training (CPT) allow work experience. F and M visas are multiple-entry, tied to the duration of the academic program.
The F-1 visa is for students enrolled full-time in academic programs at SEVP-certified schools. F-2 status applies to spouses and children under 21.
Requirement | Details |
Enrollment | Full-time study at a SEVP-approved institution (e.g., university); Form I-20 issued by Designated School Official (DSO). |
Financial Support | Proof of sufficient funds for tuition and living expenses (e.g., bank statements, sponsor affidavits). |
Intent | Demonstrated ties to home country; no immigrant intent under INA 214(b). |
Language | English proficiency (e.g., TOEFL) or enrollment in an English as a Second Language (ESL) program. |
Special cases include eligibility for STEM OPT extensions (up to 36 months) for F-1 students in science, technology, engineering, or math fields, and changes of status from other visa types (e.g., B-2 to F-1).
The M-1 visa is for full-time vocational or non-academic study at SEVP-certified institutions.
M-2 status applies to spouses and children under 21.
Requirement | Details |
Enrollment | Full-time vocational program (e.g., cosmetology, aviation); Form I-20 issued. |
Financial Support | Proof of funds; no U.S. employment allowed to support stay. |
Intent | Strong ties to home country; temporary study purpose. |
Program Type | Non-academic, hands-on training (e.g., technical certificate programs). |
Special cases include no post-completion practical training like OPT, and limited transfers between M-1 programs with DSO approval.
Common evidence includes the Form I-20 issued by the school, SEVIS I-901 fee receipt ($350), proof of financial support, and a valid passport.
For F-1, include an acceptance letter and English proficiency test scores (if applicable).
For M-1, provide program details confirming the vocational nature.
Document Type | Core Documents | F-1 Specific | M-1 Specific |
Examples | Form I-20, SEVIS receipt, passport | Acceptance letter, TOEFL scores | Program outline, vocational certification |
The application process involves coordination with the school and U.S. authorities:
The total timeline from acceptance to entry typically ranges from 2 to 6 months, depending on consular processing times (1-3 months).
Navigating the F-1 and M-1 visa processes involves complex regulations and strict requirements, making professional guidance essential.
We strongly advise against attempting this process alone, particularly with consular interviews and SEVIS compliance.
Yankey Law Group can assist clients—whether academic or vocational students—through the visa application process with dedication, ensuring compliance and stability for your educational plans.
Yankey Law Group
F-1 visas are granted for Duration of Status (D/S), covering the program length plus a 60-day grace period after completion for extensions or departure.
Extensions are processed through the DSO. M-1 visas are issued for up to 1 year plus a 30-day grace period, with extensions possible up to a maximum of 3 years.
Work authorization for F-1 includes on-campus employment (up to 20 hours/week during sessions), CPT (curricular), and OPT (post-completion, 12 months; 36 months for STEM).
M-1 allows limited practical training (6 months max) after program completion, requiring DSO recommendation and USCIS approval.
Changes of status to other visas (e.g., H-1B) are possible with proper filings.
F-2 and M-2 visas are available for spouses and children under 21 of F-1 and M-1 holders, respectively. Dependents must enter with the principal and are subject to the same duration.
F-2/M-2 holders are not permitted to work (Employment Authorization Documents are not available) and have restricted study options: spouses may attend part-time courses, while children may study full-time in K-12 or accredited programs.
Common issues include insufficient financial proof, weak ties to the home country, or failure to maintain SEVIS compliance (e.g., dropping below full-time enrollment).
Denials may occur under INA Section 214(b) due to suspected immigrant intent or misuse of the visa for unauthorized work. To avoid, maintain full-time status, report changes (e.g., address, program) to the DSO, and ensure all financial documentation is current and verifiable.
On-campus (20 hrs/week), CPT, OPT (12 months; 36 months STEM).
Yes, up to 3 years total with DSO approval.
$350 for F/M visas.
No, work authorization is not available.
Enroll full-time, report to DSO, avoid unauthorized work.
Reapply with stronger evidence or explore B-2 visitor status.
File Form I-765 with DSO recommendation post-program.
Possible with employer petition before status expires.
Navigating the F-1 and M-1 visa processes involves complex regulations and strict requirements, making professional guidance essential.
We strongly advise against attempting this process alone, particularly with consular interviews and SEVIS compliance.
Yankey Law Group can assist clients—whether academic or vocational students—through the visa application process with dedication, ensuring compliance and stability for your educational plans.
Yankey Law Group
